ies,Singles,andOthers:Findingsfromthe1996NationalSurveyofHomelessAssistanceProvidersandClients,”HousingPolicyDebate12(2001):737-80;MaureenCraneandAnthonyWarnes,“EvictionsandProlongedHomelessness,”HousingStudies15(2000):757-73.
关于居住品质不良和治安环境不佳对儿童健康造成影响,参见JulieClarkandAdeKearns,“HousingImprovements,PerceivedHousingQualityandPsychosocialBenefitsfromtheHome,”HousingStudies27(2012):915-39;TamaLeventhalandJeanneBrooks-Gunn,“TheNeighborhoodsTheyLiveIn:TheEffectsofNeighborhoodResidenceonChildandAdolescentOutcomes,”PsychologicalBulletin126(2000):309-37。
23.JosephHarknessandSandraNewman,“HousingAffordabilityandChildren’sWell-Being:EvidencefromtheNationalSurveyofAmerica’sFamilies,”HousingPolicyDebate16(2005):223-55;SandraNewmanandScottHolupka,“HousingAffordabilityandInvestmentsinChildren,”JournalofHousingEconomics24(2014):89-100.
24.换到其他市场,要是某样商品太贵,民众可以选择不买或买少点。遇上油价大涨日子,百姓可以选择少开车。玉米歉收使牛肉价格上涨时,人们可以少吃点汉堡。但遇到房租或水电价格大涨,大多数贫困美国人并不能换住便宜点或小点房子,因为他们居住城市中并不存在这样选项。根据2013年《美国住房调查》(AmericanHousingSurvey,表C-02-RO),在贫穷线以下租房家庭中有98%左右住在至少有间卧室公寓里,68%住在有两间或两间以上卧室公寓。在密尔沃基,97%租房者生活在卧、二卧或三卧公寓里。
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