ofaggression.II.Theinfluenceoffrustrationsimposedbythein-grouponattitudesexpressedtowardout-groups.JournalofPsychology,1948,25,437-442.
7.Cf.E.S.BOGARDUS,Arace-relationscycle.AmericanJournalofSociology,1930,85,612-617.
8.Cf.K.S.PINSON,Anti-SemitisminEncyclopediaBritannica,Vol.2,74-78,Chicago:EncyclopediaBritannica,1946.Also,UniversalJewishEncyclopedia(1.LANDMAN,ED.)Vol.1,341-409,NewYork:UniversalJewishEncyclopedia,1939.
9.G.W.ALLPORTANDL.POSTMAN.ThePsychologyofRumor.NewYork:HenryHolt,1947,12.
10.G.LINDZEY.Differencesbetweenthehighandlowinprejudiceandtheirimplicationsforatheoryofprejudice.JournalofPersonality,1950,19,16-40.
11.Cf.R.S.WOODWORTH,Psychology:AStudyofMentalLife,NewYork:HenryHolt,1921,163.Also,G.W.ALLPORT,J.S.BRUNER,ANDE.M.JANDORF,Personalityundersocialcatastrophe,CharacterandPersonality,1941,10,1-22.
12.这些区别首先由S.ROSENZWEIG在其作品中明确阐释，他也设计
实验来测试人面对挫败时
三种不同反应类型。Cf.S.ROSENZWEIG,Thepictureassociationmethodanditsapplicationinastudyofreactionstofrustration,JournalofPersonality,1945,14,3-23.
13.关于这个主题
般性探讨可见B.ZAWADSKI,Limitationsofthescapegoattheoryofprejudice,JournalofAbno
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